When scientists scan the global horizon, over-fishing, loss of species habitat, water shortage, climate
change, and invasive① species seem to be the biggest threats to the Earth.
What will our world be like in 2050?
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Population decrease and increase There are two features in the growth of world population. First, the
annual increase in population in 15 European countries, in the past few years, has been only 300,000. The
United Nations
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population of European countries will decrease from the current 0.72 billion to 0.63 billion. Second, the
population in developing countries is growing rapidly. Over the past 50 years, the rate of increase in
population has been fastest in the least developed countries. By 2050, the population of Africa is expected
to reach 1.8 billion, 0.9 billion more than its current population.
Global warming
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A recent research report indicates that it is quite possible that the Earth’s temperature is rising well
above the previous estimate. Such an result would have severe consequences.
A research team from the University of Colorado used satellite data to estimate that the ice sheet will
lose up to 48 cubic miles by 2050. In comparison, a city with the size of Los Angeles uses one cubic mile
of fresh water every year. Ice shelves in the Antarctic will have decreased by more than 7,200 square miles
in the next four decades.
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Water shortage
Africa’s rivers face dramatic change that will leave a quarter of the continent severely short of water by
the middle of the century.
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“In those areas where there is already a water shortage, it’s going to have a devastating② effect,” the
study says. “If you’re already walking 5 km to the nearest stream to get water, by 2050, it’s going to
mean walking 30 km or moving your whole household closer to the water source.”
Four wheels good, four wheels bad The car has transformed the lives of people, but the planet is paying too
high a price. Today there are 620 million private cars worldwide, to say nothing of buses, vans and
lorries. With current growth trends, that number is expected to reach a staggering③ three billion cars
worldwide by 2050.
If we continue to burn fossil fuels at current rates, levels of carbon dioxide④ in the atmosphere will
reach 550 ppm (parts per million) by around 2050. This will increase global temperatures between 1.4 and
4.8℃ by 2050, and sea levels will rise between 0.09 and 0.78 meters.